QUESTION 141
A company receives data from several sources and stores the data in an Amazon S3 data lake. The company transforms the data and ingests it into multiple downstream data stores, including databases and data warehouses. A solutions architect wants to design an extract, transform, and load (ETL) pipeline to orchestrate a process to prepare and load the data for analytics activities. The processed data must also be available for stakeholders through dashboards and visualizations. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?

A. Use Amazon EMR and a custom Scala script to create ETL pipelines. Use an AWS Lambda function to orchestrate the workflow. Use Amazon OpenSearch Service to generate dashboards and visualizations.
B. Use AWS Glue to create ETL pipelines. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the workflow. Use Amazon QuickSight to generate dashboards and visualizations.
C. Use an AWS Lambda function to create ETL pipelines. Use AWS Step Functions to orchestrate the workflow. Use Amazon QuickSight to generate dashboards and visualizations.
D. Use custom scripts that run on Amazon EC2 instances to create ETL pipelines. Use AWS Glue to orchestrate the workflow. Use AWS Glue DataBrew to generate dashboards and visualizations.

Correct Answer: B

QUESTION 142
A company recently launched its website to serve content to its global user base. The company wants to store and accelerate the delivery of static content to its users by leveraging Amazon CloudFront with an Amazon EC2 instance attached as its origin. How should a solutions architect optimize high availability for the application?

A. Use Lambda@Edge for CloudFront.
B. Use Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration for CloudFront.
C. Configure another EC2 instance in a different Availability Zone as part of the origin group.
D. Configure another EC2 instance as part of the origin server cluster in the same Availability Zone.

Correct Answer: C

QUESTION 143
A company runs a non-production Oracle database on an Amazon EC2 instance. The database contains 1 TB of data. The EC2 instance runs in a private subnet of a VPC. A backup of the EC2 instance is taken every day and uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket. The current backup process uses a NAT gateway to access the S3 bucket. The company does not want the backup process to use public IP addresses. Which solution will meet this requirement MOST cost-effectively?

A. Create a gateway endpoint for Amazon S3 in the VPC. Update the route tables.
B. Enable S3 Transfer Acceleration on the S3 bucket. Compress the backup files and use multipart uploads.
C. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution, and set the S3 bucket as the origin. Upload the backup files to the CloudFront distribution.
D. Use a third-party tool to mount the S3 bucket as a file share on the EC2 instance operating system. Use the file share as the backup target.

Correct Answer: A
QUESTION 144
A company is upgrading its critical web-based application. The application is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances that are part of an Auto Scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company wants to test the new configurations with a specific amount of traffic before the company begins to route all traffic to the upgraded application. How should a solutions architect design the architecture to meet these requirements?

A. Create a new launch template. Associate the new launch template with the Auto Scaling group. Attach the Auto Scaling group to the ALB. Distribute traffic by using redirect rules.
B. Create a new launch template. Create an additional Auto Scaling group. Associate the new launch template with the additional Auto Scaling group. Attach the additional Auto Scaling group to the ALB. Distribute traffic by using weighted target groups.
C. Create a new launch template. Create an additional Auto Scaling group. Associate the new launch template with the additional Auto Scaling group. Create an additional ALB. Attach the additional Auto Scaling group to the additional ALB. Use an Amazon Route 53 failover routing policy to route traffic.
D. Create a new launch template. Create an additional Auto Scaling group. Associate the new launch template with the additional Auto Scaling group. Create an additional ALB. Attach the additional Auto Scaling group to the additional ALB. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy to route traffic.

Correct Answer: B

QUESTION 145
A company runs workloads in 20 private VPCs. Each VPC has interface VPC endpoints for many AWS services. The company wants to optimize costs for its network architecture. The company must not use public IP addresses. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Create a NAT gateway in each workload VPC. Remove the interface VPC endpoints. Update the VPC route tables to add a default route to the NAT gateway.
B. Replace the interface VPC endpoints from each workload VPC with gateway endpoints. Update the VPC route tables to route traffic bound for the AWs services to the gateway endpoints.
C. Create interface VPC endpoints and a transit gateway in a new central VPC. Use the transit gateway to connect the workload VPCs to the central VPC. Remove the interface VPC endpoints from the workload VPCs. Set up private hosted zones in the workload VPCs to direct traffic to the central VPC.
D. Create gateway endpoints in a new central VPC. Use VPC peering to connect the workload VPCs to the central VPC. Remove the interface VPC endpoints from workload VPCs. Set up private hosted zones in the workload VPCs to direct traffic to the central VPC.

Correct Answer: C

QUESTION 146
A company deploys a new payroll application on a set of two Amazon EC2 instances that run Amazon Linux. The instances have one root volume that stores the operating system and the application. The application needs to store temporary files and provide long-term file storage for all payroll data. Both storage options must have high performance and be compatible with Linux. Both EC2 instances must be able to access long-term payroll data from a single location. The long-term payroll data must be highly available. Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

A. Change the instances to an instance family that supports instance store volumes for the temporary data.
B. Deploy an Amazon ElastiCache (Redis OSS) instance. Configure the EC2 instances to save the temporary data to the ElastiCache (Redis OSS) instance.
C. Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure the EC2 instances to save temporary data to the S3 bucket.
D. Create and attach a new Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume to each of the two EC2 instances to store the long-term data.
E. Deploy an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) Regional file system to store the long-term data.

Correct Answer: AE

QUESTION 147
A company is migrating an application from an on-premises location to Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS). The company must use a custom subnet for pods that are in the company’s VPC to comply with requirements. The company also needs to ensure that the pods can communicate securely within the pods’ VPC. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Configure AWS Transit Gateway to directly manage custom subnet configurations for the pods in Amazon EKS.
B. Create an AWS Direct Connect connection from the company’s on-premises IP address ranges to the EKS pods.
C. Use the Amazon VPC CNI plugin for Kubernetes. Define custom subnets in the VPC cluster for the pods to use.
D. Implement a Kubernetes network policy that has pod anti-affinity rules to restrict pod placement to specific nodes that are within custom subnets.

Correct Answer: C

QUESTION 148
A company wants to decouple parts of its application by using Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) to queue tasks that will be processed asynchronously. The company wants to use an AWS Lambda function to process, transform, and log the messages as the messages arrive in the SQS queue. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Configure the Lambda function to process the messages from the SQS queue. Configure the SQS queue to invoke the Lambda function every time the SQS queue receives a new message.
B. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule. Configure the Lambda function to process the messages from the SQS queue. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function in response to the ReceiveMessage event. Set Amazon SQS as the AWS service.
C. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule. Configure the Lambda function to process the messages from the SQS queue. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function in response to the sqs:ReceiveMessage API call. Set AWS API call through AWS CloudTrail as the event type.
D. Create an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Configure the SNS topic to send a notification every time the SQS queue receives a new message. Subscribe the Lambda function to the SNS topic. Configure the Lambda function to process the messages from the SNS topic.

Correct Answer: A

QUESTION 149
A company has concerns about its Amazon RDS database. The workload is unpredictable, and periodic floods of new user registrations can cause the company to run out of storage. The database runs on a general purpose instance with 300 GiB of storage. What should a solutions architect recommend to the company?

A. Enable RDS storage autoscaling.
B. Schedule vertical instance scaling.
C. Change to a storage optimized instance type and vertically scale the database.
D. Configure an AWS Lambda function to increase RDS storage by 1 GiB when storage space is low.

Correct Answer: A

QUESTION 150
A company provides devices to end users. When a user registers a device, the device ID is added to an Amazon DynamoDB table. A daily job to activate devices uses two AWS Lambda functions. The Retrieve Lambda function lists unregistered device IDs. The Retrieve Lambda function then calls the Activate Lambda function inside a loop to add each retrieved device ID to the DynamoDB table. The existing solution eliminates duplicate registrations. The number of device activations is increasing. The company does not want the daily job to exceed the Lambda timeout. Which solution will scale without modifying the existing Lambda functions?

A. Use Amazon EventBridge Scheduler with a recurring schedule to periodically run the Retrieve Lambda function.
B. Invoke the Activate Lambda function every time a device ID is added to the DynamoDB table by using Amazon DynamoDB Streams.
C. Use AWS Step Functions to call the Retrieve Lambda function for all device IDs. Use the Map state to run the Activate Lambda function for each device ID.
D. Move the Retrieve Lambda function logic to an Amazon EC2 instance to extend the processing time.

Correct Answer: C

QUESTION 151
A company runs an application on several Amazon EC2 instances. Multiple Amazon Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes are attached to each EC2 instance. The company needs to back up the configurations and the data of the EC2 instances every night. The application must be recoverable in a secondary AWS Region. Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

A. Configure an AWS Lambda function to take nightly snapshots of the application’s EBS volumes and to copy the snapshots to a secondary Region.
B. Create a backup plan in AWS Backup to take nightly backups. Copy the backups to a secondary Region. Add the EC2 instances to a resource assignment as part of the backup plan.
C. Create a backup plan in AWS Backup to take nightly backups. Copy the backups to a secondary Region. Add the EBS volumes to a resource assignment as part of the backup plan.
D. Configure an AWS Lambda function to take nightly snapshots of the application’s EBS volumes and to copy the snapshots to a secondary Availability Zone.

Correct Answer: C

QUESTION 152
A database is on an Amazon RDS MySQL 5.6 Multi-AZ DB instance that experiences highly dynamic reads. Application developers notice a significant slowdown when testing read performance from a secondary AWS Region. The developers want a solution that provides less than 1 second of read replication latency. What should the solutions architect recommend?

A. Install MySQL on Amazon EC2 in the secondary Region.
B. Migrate the database to Amazon Aurora with cross-Region replicas.
C. Create another RDS for MySQL read replica in the secondary Region.
D. Implement Amazon ElastiCache to improve database query performance.

Correct Answer: B

QUESTION 153
A solutions architect needs to design a solution to process incoming work items. The work items need to be processed as soon as the work items arrive. Processing can take up to 30 minutes to finish. Processing involves calling external APIs, passing the work items through several intermediate steps and states, and storing those states for future reference. The solution must scale to meet varying incoming work item rates throughout the day. Which combination of steps meets these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead? (Select TWO.)

A. Invoke an AWS Lambda function for each incoming work item. Configure each Lambda function to handle each work item completely. Store work item states in an Amazon DynamoDB table.
B. Invoke an AWS Step Functions workflow to process incoming work items. Use AWS Lambda functions to handle the business logic. Store work item states in an Amazon DynamoDB table.
C. Set up an Amazon API Gateway REST API to receive work items. Configure the REST API to invoke an AWS Lambda function for each work item.
D. Deploy two Amazon EC2 Reserved Instances behind an Application Load Balancer to handle incoming requests. Send the requests to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.
E. Set up an Amazon API Gateway REST API to receive work items. Send the work items to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue.

Correct Answer: BE

QUESTION 154
A company wants to run a production database in the AWS Cloud. The database will collect billions of sensor readings from multiple locations across multiple AWS Regions. Data is written to the database at a sustained rate of 50,000 writes per second. The company will run reports once every 3 months against the database. The company will run simple queries to retrieve data based on unique location IDs to run the reports. The query results will vary in size. The company needs a solution that will optimize data storage costs. The solution must be highly durable and must not compromise database performance. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Use Amazon Aurora Serverless v2 in one Region. Specify the desired capacity range.
B. Use Amazon DynamoDB Standard tables, and enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX).
C. Deploy an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance, and create a read replica
D. Use Amazon DynamoDB Standard-IA tables in multiple Regions. Configure DynamoDB to manage capacity.

Correct Answer: D

QUESTION 155
A company has an application that consists of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. The application also uses an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB instance. The application hosted in the us-east-1 Region. The company needs to create a disaster recovery (DR) environment in the us-west-1 Region by using the pilot light approach. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Create an Auto Scaling group in us-west-1 with a scaled down group of EC2 instances that run the same configuration and code as the EC2 instances in us-east-1. Use an Aurora global database to create a replica in us-west-1 with asynchronous Cross-Region Replication.
B. Create a backup job in AWS Backup in us-east-1 to back up the EC2 instances and the Aurora DB instance. Create a copy job to create cross-Region backup copies of the EC2 instances and the Aurora DB instance in us-west-1.
C. Create an Auto Scaling group in us-west-1 with a group of EC2 instances that run the same scaling settings, configuration, and code as the EC2 instances in us-east-1. Use an Aurora Multi-AZ deployment to create a replica in us-west-1.
D. Create a backup job in AWS Backup in us-east-1 to back up the EC2 instances to an Amazon Machine Image (AMI). Create a copy job to replicate the AMI to us-west-1. Use an Aurora global database to create a replica in us-west-1 with asynchronous Cross-Region Replication.

Correct Answer: A

QUESTION 156
A company has concerns about its Amazon RDS database. The workload is unpredictable, and periodic floods of new user registrations can cause the company to run out of storage. The database runs on a general purpose instance with 300 GiB of storage. What should a solutions architect recommend to the company?

A. Enable RDS storage autoscaling.
B. Schedule vertical instance scaling.
C. Change to a storage optimized instance type and vertically scale the database.
D. Configure an AWS Lambda function to increase RDS storage by 1 GiB when storage space is low.

Correct Answer: A

QUESTION 157
A company uses an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster to store its critical data in the us-east-1 Region. The company wants to develop a disaster recovery plan to recover the database in the us-west-1 Region. The company has a recovery time objective (RTO) of 5 minutes and has a recovery point objective (RPO) of 1 minute. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

A. Create a read replica in us-west-1. Set the DB cluster to automatically fail over to the read replica if the primary instance is not responding.
B. Create an Aurora global database. Set us-west-1 as the secondary Region. Update connections to use the writer and reader endpoints as appropriate.
C. Set up a second Aurora DB cluster in us-west-1. Use logical replication to keep the databases synchronized. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to change the database endpoint if the primary DB cluster does not respond.
D. Use Aurora automated snapshots to store data in an Amazon S3 bucket. Enable S3 Versioning. Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication to us-west-1. Create a second Aurora DB cluster in us-west-1. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to restore the snapshot if the primary DB cluster does not respond.

Correct Answer: B

QUESTION 158
A company has a critical application that runs on an Amazon EC2 instance in the us-east-1a Availability Zone. The application uses a 128 GB Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. The company needs a disaster recovery (DR) solution that does not refactor the application. The company requires a recovery point objective (RPO) of 60 minutes. Backups must be quickly available in the us-east-1b Availability Zone for failover. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Configure AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) to perform an ongoing replication of the EBS volume’s block data from us-east-1a to an identical EBS volume in us-east-1b every 60 minutes.
B. Configure application logs to be stored in an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Run a daily log query to detect any errors. If the log query detects any errors, initiate the creation of an EBS volume snapshot. Copy the snapshot to us-east-1b before launching the new EC2 instance.
C. Use AWS DataSync to create a task. Configure the task to copy the entire EBS volume as a single object to an Amazon S3 bucket in us-east-1a every 60 minutes. Access the object from us-east-1b during a failover.
D. Create a new backup plan in AWS Backup. Configure the backup frequency to be every hour. Create a backup vault in the us-east-1 Region. Restore the backup in us-east-1b when needed.

Correct Answer: D

QUESTION 159
A company is building a serverless application to process orders from an ecommerce site. The application needs to handle bursts of traffic during peak usage hours and to maintain high availability. The orders must be processed asynchronously in the order the application receives them. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Use an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to receive orders. Use an AWS Lambda function to process the orders.
B. Use an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue to receive orders. Use an AWS Lambda function to process the orders.
C. Use an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue to receive orders. Use AWS Batch jobs to process the orders.
D. Use an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to receive orders. Use AWS Batch jobs to process the orders.
Correct Answer: B

QUESTION 160
A company processes streaming data by using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and an AWS Lambda function. The streaming data comes from devices that are connected to the internet. The company is experiencing scaling problems and needs to implement shard-level control and custom checkpointing. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST latency?

A. Connect Kinesis Data Streams to Amazon Data Firehose to ingest incoming data to an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure S3 Event Notifications to invoke the Lambda function.
B. Increase the provisioned concurrency settings for the Lambda function. Stream the data from Kinesis Data Streams to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) standard queue. Invoke the Lambda function to process the messages.
C. Run the Lambda function code in an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) container that runs on AWS Fargate. Change the code to use the Kinesis Client Library (KCL).
D. Increase the memory and provisioned concurrency settings for the Lambda function. Stream the data from Kinesis Data Streams to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) FIFO queue. Configure the Lambda function to be invoked by the SQS queue.

Correct Answer: C